Pressing machine and linkage mechanism for transmitting and transforming force for use therein



Oct. 19, 1948. Q o zo 2,451,844

- PRESSING MACHINE AND LINKAGE MECHANISM FOR TRANSMITTING ANDTRANSFORMING FORCE FOR USE THEREIN Filed Oct. 18, 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet 1Inventor Frank (.Lornityo v4ttor Oct. 19, 1948. r F. c. LORNITZO2,451,844

PRESSING MACHINE AND LINKAGE'MECHANISM 7 FOR TRANSMITTING ANDTRANSFORMING FORCE FOR USE THEREIN Filed Oct. 18, 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet 2[12 176111201" FraflKC.Lo1-nifga vitfor eq Oct. 19, 1948. c o zo2,451,844

PRESSING MACHINE AND LINKAGE MECHANISM FOR TRANSMITTING AND TRANSFORMINGFORCE FOR USE THEREIN- Filed Oct. 18', 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet 3 In uen torFrankl. L or zitga qmMaM Oct. 19, 1948. A F. c. LORNITZO PRESSINGMACHINE AND LINKAGE MECHANISM FOR TRANSMITTING AND TRANSFORMING FORCEFOR USE THEREIN 1O Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Oct. 18, 1941 m M E oh TouInfiu'erptor Frank C. Lorru'qo 17720, a. Qmw

A Attorney Oct. 19, 1948. F. c. LORNITZO 4 2,451,844

PRESSING MACHINE AND LINKAGE MECHANISM FOR TRANSMITTING AND TRANSFORMINGFORCE FOR USE THEREIN Filed Oct. 18, 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 In vent okFranK'C. Lorn 1' fi m 5 ma. vqttorti f;

Oct. 19, 1948.

FOR TRANSMITTING AND TRANSFORMING} FORCE FOR USE THEREIN Filed Oct. 18,1941 1 1O Sheets-Sheet 6 v41 to'rne q Oct. 19,1948.

F C LORNITZO PRESSING MACHINE AND LINKAGE MECHANISM FOR TRANSMITTING ANDTRANSFORMING FORCE FOR USE THEREIN.

10 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Oct. 18 1941 llllllll-lllll Oct. 19, 1948. F. c.LORNITZO PRESSING MACHINE AND LINKAGE MECHANISM FOR TRANSMITTING ANDTRANSFORMING FORCE FOR USE THEREIN l0 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Oct.- 18,1941 QS ZQRQQ Inventor Frankall o'r nilyo By W a.

e/qttor' Oct. 19, 1948. c, LQRNITZO 2,451,844

PRESSING MACHINE AND LINKAGE MECHANISM FOR TRANSMITTING AND TRANSFORMINGFORCE FOR USE THEREIN Filed 001', 18, 1941 lo Sheets-Sheet 9 RELATIVEVEL Oc/Ty 0F PRESS MEMBER RELATIVE 04 T/PL/CAT/O/V FACTOR 0F LEVER/465IfRESS HEAD MOVEMENT OR P/s TON MO vEME/vr //v RELA wow 70 PRESS MBERMOVEMENT ELAT/VE IKELOC/ 1- R 88 M MBE'R REZAT/VE FORCE new/vs o/v THEPRESS MEMBER L E ME A A GE MZ/L T/PL lC/I T/O/V FA C TOR E lMUMPRACT/C/IELE l/ELOC/TV AT THE lNJT/INT' PRESS ME MBERS COME IVTOMUUXTAPOJITION NEsAT/vE AL UE) BALANCE SPR/ E/vs/ PISTON ACCELERATION DELERA 770 M vEME/vr C YCL E c y r M 1121/81? to 1 1 9%. 11 FrankC.Lo1-n1t;o

vfttorzz v I Filed. Oct. 18, 1.941

F. c. LohNrrzo 2,451,844

PRESSING MACHINE AND LINKAGE MECHANISM FOR TRANSMITTING AND TRANSFORMINGOct. 19,-1948.

RLAT/VE I/EZOC/TY 0F PRESS MEMBER 954,4 77l/E MUL T/PL/CA r/o/v FAG TOROFLEVERAGE fRlS HEAD MOVE/VENT FQRCE v I 70 /NF/N/7"Y CONTACT POINTPISTON MOVEMENT lNRELA T/O/V TO PRESS MEMBER MOVEMENT RELAT/VE FORCEACT/N6 ON THE. PRESS MEMBER /M(/L 77PL/CA 77ON FA TOR) LATYVE VELOC/TYPRE M BER /-/VAX/MUM PRACT/CA BLE 3 VELOC/ Ty AT THE mum/v7" "PRESSMEMBERS COME m/ro .jux TAPOS/T/ON r [VEGA T/VE VALUE} ANCE JPR/NGTENS/0N p/srow DR/OR ART MO"-EMENT v [no-enter Frank C. Lorain Tye Y 11%Z LWQQ,

vqttor eq Patented Oct. 19, 1 948 PRESSING' MAC ANISMFORTRANSMITTING ANDTRANS;

FORMING Frank Lornitan EAFOR'USE THEREIN I awtucket, R. I., assignor, by

mesnesassignment's, Pantex Manufacturing Cqrporat ion fa corporationtofDelaware Application flctoher.18, 1941, Serial N0. 415,600

I lflft lla'i'nis'.

, 1 t I 1 i t L y i ntion :relateslto impro mentsin saw ment pressinmachines .andlpart ularlylm chaz nisms (for tra m tting; and.:transf.ormi e for comprisi g leversand 1inks;io .usel=,-i;n transm t:tins, and transf rmin the input,.; .c,e-apn thereto. to; the. outputfort su p ied-tt 'e y; the pressing head.

I am, aware that any -r umb, of combinat o of levers and linkages hayebeen usedvintthe prior art, but so far as ,I am aware,- these hayebeensubject to the-following disadvantages: Inasmuch as the piston movesoutwardly innthe cylindei'q-to supply the, power ina power press,exerting a substantially even foree, if its; force wereatransmitteddirectly to the pressing head, it is apparent the pressinghead. would; move. with even, ace celerated-yelocity up to the point ofcontactwith the buek, the impact oi?v the pressin :members at this highvelocity resnlti-ng int a; sharp shook; inasmuch-as in prior art linkagesystems with single point connections the relative forge aoting on thepressinghead wouldnotuonly remain con.- stant but would tendtoiincreasefduring the clos ns m m si .t esp t ns head, the. impact ofthe pressinghead would be even greater "Io ov-ercome the shock at-theinstant o f con aqt of theipr essing head with the pressing huok varioustypes of leverage-mechanisms -have, been; devised, and varioustypesofibrakingmechanisms c erishioning devices to control the yelqcityf oree and movement of-the pressing headtasgit strikes the buck havebeenqdeyised; ,-These haye -tended;to increase the time required for thepressing head in its; downward moyement to [close I the gross, resultingin slowness of operation- 'of v the pZfQSS durin its closingvperiodo t fA further disadvantage ofthe priorart-linkage systems with singlepointconneetionsa is due to the continuous change or increase of,:thQftB-lfilQiVe force or multiplication factomof leverage goi thelinkage system during-the; pressing period resulting in unstablepressing conditions during ;the pressing period and, makingdetermination of: the actual pressure at the endofthez-pnossure'strokeimpossible and the actual pnessuretobtained dependent upon thecompression qualities-pf the padded buck surface" 3 i i Anotherdisadvantage of the-prion arti linkage systems with single pointconnections arisingput of the instability of the power {multi licationi-f-ac: tor of the mechanismduring thepressureustroke is the neoessityfor ery; frequent readfiustmfints of the spacing between the pressinghead; and the 'bucktto make up for the lossyof thickness luftt'h 2 theloss, ofpressure unlessvirequenh eradius ments 1' of the-spacin betweenthe pressin :head and buck areawmade.

A funtherdisadyantage of t e 19 710! art: sin le point connectionlinkages iresides in t is i t: that speed rresulatingm ohanisms, uch asdash po s, brakes; throttlinsmf the t fluid supp y,-.e -,-m1. stbelemploy d t absorb theexcessiye pow r us in theipress c sin p iod, topnt h pressi head irom bta nin too i h tv c tysa t moment. of contact tprevent harmful: sho ks to the: mechanism and; also: to preventbanana-inget the garment beingironed or pressfid-by thesa current causeat o apidd snlace: ment-o it-herein between the pressing. head and thebuck atthe moment the pressing head moves into; c ose mxi-m ty to the.buck, th 1 excessiv ow absor edaby the dash pets; ake 0 o e balaneing;means representing waste of power. -.l biestsMmwin ention, the eforeareto proyids a mechanism 1 for transmitting and trans. formin ioreeeornprising,leyers and links so see lected and adjusted as to. overcomeat least some of these objections to prior artstructuresand tosupplementally provide a device which will function to; fl l fillfw the:requisites desired in a: mechanism of; this type. t t l Aifuttherwobject; of my, inve zrtionr is to provide a device which willtransform the input force into the necessary amount ofoutpuhforcedesirfid for optimum operating conditions attvarious stagesof thetoperationtoi thepress to obtain maximum efficieney from; theinput dome-without; the -loss omen-Er me ha l work" st i vprior artru tus byehe v riou type t br kti-n mechanisms ormerlythousht ne ssa n orthismumosel Pmfielfa oly employ tpowen applying lever {mean-s p izotablsubsta t a yentirely on a si le 1 elasing movement fulcrum to functionas a lever has i sane; haraeteristic to: app y. a rapid move-e ment: anda smait t me tosaidpressm head and ivotable substantially entirely ton:another power nmyin iw rnm; to functionas a lev r hayidiner-ena-eharacteristies to apply-a slow-move mentzandya-siargeforcemtoL saidtp ressiingi head, durmg the; outward stroke of .saidpiston; and I amnion-rigid in emonneotineand guide means,

.of said lever :means; for rapidlyichanging :the respeotiye'mwertransmittin tfulerums of said lever after predetermined pivotablemovement thereofiucertain of. FSaidw ilink means also: prefer an:funetim ng; as; uide means lfiln.d%or v power transmittinggmeansg- Anobjectroflmy invention during the pressing period, and .a rapid fulcrum.

changing transmutation period during which the effective leveragecharacteristics are rapidly changed, and in the course of which saidpress- T ing head contacts said buck. As shown in the joint applicationSer. No. 415,778 entitled Pressing machine and multiple lever linkagemecha nism for transmuting and transforming force for use therein filedOct. 20, 1941, by the applicant herein and Herbert G. Beede, theseresults may be accomplished by having two separate lever means, but inthe embodiments of my broad in-;

vention shown herein, I preferably accomplish these results by a singlefloating fulcrum chang ing lever.

- It-is apparent that during the closing of the press,.to avoid injury,it is desirable to apply as light a force as possible to the pressinghead, and it is also apparent for the sake of efiiciency that it isdesirable to have the movement of the pressing head as rapid as'possibleduring said closing period, As stated hitherto, it is also desirablethat the relative velocity of the movement of the pressing head be asrapid as possible during as much of its closing period as possible, butthat its relative velocity when it contacts the buck should be reducedto that at which it can safely contact the buck without disarrangementof the garment being pressed, and thus, through the medium of theselection of the leverage employed during the closing period and itsmethod of connection and manner of being guided, I am able to achieveall these results in the closing period of the pressing head. By pickingout an arrangement suitable for this purpose, it is possible to controlthe velocity of the pressing head without the necessity of employing anybraking means of the types formerly used, to impair the speed andefficiency of the linkage mechanism.

As stated, it is also desirable during the force ciency to have itconstant during the pressing period. Bythe selection and arrangement ofthe leverage having a characteristic suitable to achieve these resultsduring the pressing period, I am able to accomplish these desirableresults.

As stated hitherto, it is desirable to close the press as rapidly aspossible with as little'force as possible and it is also desirable thatthe effective leverage characteristics acting upon the pressing headduring the pressing period, namely the application of a greater pressingforce, take effect as rapidly as possible once the head has contactedthe buck. By providing a short transmutation period in changin from oneeffective leverage to the other, I am able to speed up the transitionbetween these two periods without impairing the efliciency of thepressing operation during either period. As shown in the diagrams, andas will be apparent, in the parlance of motion' pictures, during thistransmutation period,

the characteristics of the first leverage fade 'out and thecharacteristics of the second leverage fade in. This result is highlydesirable as it results, even during this extremely short transmutationperiod, in a rapid increase of force applied by the pressing head tocause it to imme- 4 diately start to function in its pressing operationwith desirable efficiency at the instant the head contacts the buck. Itis also obvious that the press closes rapidly in a desirable manneralmost to the moment it contacts the buck due to the I rapidity of thisshort transmutation period, the transmutation of movement from fast toslow mo tion taking place rapidly during said period.

A further object of my invention is to provide a linkage system whichwill function in accordance with a predetermined movement curve, a

. predetermined force or multiplication factor of leverage curve and/ora predetermined relative velocity curve. It is apparent that byproviding a device which will function in accordance with theserespectivexcurves I am able to design a device which will functionwithoptimum efliciency in accordance with a theoretical curve and actuallyconstruct a device in accordance with said curve and continuouslyreproduce identical devices. In the manufacture of the linkages thetrial and error method is usually employed. When a trial device isassembled, its respective curves may be plotted or otherwise constructedand corrected until the device functions in accordance with the desiredtheoretical curve.

As stated, I am able to achieve all these desirable results through theproper selection and manipulation of a single floating lever.

A further object of my invention is to employ rigid links, and in orderthat a small plurality of rigid links may be employed, I preferablyemploy them whether oneor more levers be em ployed, said links havingtransmutable functions functioning prior to'the transmutation of theleverage characteristics as either fulcrum or guides and vice versaafter the transmutation of the leverage characteristics, in theembodiments shown in this application functioning alternately asfulcrums and guides respectively, before and after the transmutation ofthe leverage characteristics andfunctioning' alternately either asfulcrums or power transmitting means and guides respectively, before andafter the transmutation of the leveragecharacteristics, in theembodimerits-shown in the joint application aforesaid. It is" apparentthat by making the same links perform different functions during theactuation of the mechanism, I am able to out down the number 'ofinherent parts necessary for the successful operation of my invention.-=It isapparent that whether one or more levers be employed mounted onfloating or fixed pivots,

- 'at least certain of the links must be mounted on certain definitefixed pivots, and a further object of-my invention is to provide adevice wherein the linkage may be changed, as is necessary in employingadifferent type of head requiring less forceinthe pressing operation andstill have it mounted on the same fixed pivots.

A further object of 'my invention is that I am able to provide a devicefrom which varying leverages may be successively obtained from aminimum-number of parts easily assembled in a small compass'to make themreadily attachable on the relatively small space available on a garmentpressing machine.

A further object of my invention is to provide a mechanism having lowfrictional loss.

A further object of my invention is to provide a device aswill beapparent from the curve having an increasing movement during thepressing operation, as called in the trade a follow up motion; so thatas the padding wears down in ea and id nks i ll cassettes t sing o n anc tro -le he rmovement. t sa rla e t that h t p sp leve s. andrl nkrequired are easier to make than to .cuta suitable cam. It .is alsoapparent that due to .the ...fa.ct that they are pivotally connectedtogether-. byr nele point c nnections spread .over, a plurality ofsurfaces thevwearnless-thana singlecam and achieve an analogous purpose.It is alsoap: parent that after a considerable amount of use anddistributed wear, their. force transforming and leverage characteristicsare; retained,.where= as with all the wear on a single irregular camsurface they are not. It is also apparent that changes in effectivetransformation l'of force can bemade by merelychangingthe points ofconnection of the levers and links. WiDhOllt having to totally discard amember. or any portion thereof, as is necessary in cams. It is also,apparent that in employing simple levers and links it is possibleitoobtain a rapid transmutation period on devices which Will; function inthe desired mane ner without excessive strain or wear thereon,

whereas to. obtain the same result in a cam, an

extremely irregular cam having a sharp point is required, which not onlyis noisy in its operation and tends to strain the various parts in use,but also is subject to extensive wear in use.

These, and such otnerobjectsoi, my.invention as mayhereinaiter appearwill be best understood from a description of the embodiments thereofshown in the accompanying drawings. 1 In the drawings, Figs. 1-3 aresideelevations of a garment pressing machine constructed in accordancewith one embodiment of my invention, Fig. 1 showing. the garmentpressing machine in open position, Fig. 2 showing thegarment pressingmachine in the initiation of the transmutationperiod showing the press nhead about to contact the buck and Fig. 3 showing the press; ing machineclosed in pressing position.

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view illustrating com-, ponent parts of thepress and linkageshownin Figs, 1-3, showing the press in open positionin full lines, in the intermediate positionshownin Fig. 2 in dot-dashlines, and in closed position in dottedv lines.

Fig. 5 illustrates a graph or chart showin the curveprovided bytheembodiment of my inven: tion shown in Figs. 1-4, employing theamount, of piston movement as abscissa and the amountof pressing headmovement as ordinates.

Figs. 6-8 are side elevationsof a garment press-v ing, machineconstructed in accordance with a different embodiment of my invention,Fig., 6 showing the garment pressing machine in open position, Fig. '7showing. the garment pressing machine in the initiation of the.transmutation period showing the pressing head about to contact thtebuck and Fig. 8 showing the pressing machine closed in pressingposition. v

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view illustrating com ponent. parts of thepress and linkage. shown ,in Figs. 6-8 showing the press in open lines,in the intermediate position shownfin g. '7 in dotedash lines, and ,inclosed positiqn in dotted lines. t

10 ust a a g h, o hart hewiethe curvaprovidad t em odimen cam-1 mm:

seams;

p siti n in 1 I ion shewnlia Fleet-8 mo estin thaaiiieunt-lcf ton o eent bs ssa andthe amount of re s n -head mov m n asordinates...

F -3,. is a cqmnositeieraph lustratin the-mo.- icns te u l lines.the-tome oremultiplic r t e fac s) ott rs-race 9u Y..i.1'1.:dottegiylinesnthe 'twurve ,ind efi wdotdines andthe -tensoriurv i dashlines pro= u, 1 emlccdimenta.0f.my.invention. is 12' s...a.comnqsite raph. showin the mo: tip urvelngull linear-theioltceonmultiplication iac r oileyeiFgEQ curve in -.dotted.lines,. the.rela i' e. re cityp .e in. dash-nomi ee and the ha]:

1 ing,.tensi qn cur,v e,i n gashlines ,oftypical .a transmittin andtransforming. linkage sxstems to thesame purpose.

In th drawin s.. wherein like characters oireterence generallmindioatelike; parts throughout, Zlkqr 2 espectively.generallyeindicates amechanism or .t fansmitting and. tr'ansforming. .force constructedinaccordancewithmyinventions As stated hitherto, the .specmc. types. of.such mach. anisms shown. .are ..par:ticularly. designed .1 and adaptedfor use. to solve thaproblems inherent-in a garmentlpressing.machine,-although.rials. ap-

' parent that my improved force transmitting and transformingmechanismsimay, if desired, be employ ed. \fonjothertypes,.ofi...pressesonifor other 1 588., saidmechanismslbeingspecifically designed to. function in accordance. wlththe curves-shownin. Fig. 11,, themechanismtshown in. Figs. 1-4 having a movement. curveslightly .vanyingl theretrom, as shown in Fig. ,5, and .the me'chanisrnshown in E1gs 9 having. a movementieurve' slightly varyinathereiromas.sl1pwn.in.Figs10...f Anyrsuitableetype ofa powendriven-garmentpressing... machine. may. -..be. employed, as -in the embodimlenteshownin-Figs. JI-3 and as in the embodiment! shown-linefigss 6- 8. As shownin said. figures, suchaamstandard 1 type. of l garment pressing. machineincludes. a frame 2-2, a pressing buck). mounted ontsaidi frame,apressing lever.2li-tpitzotally mounted .on said" trame having a :WQKIQ.armlZ-BLandoa rpouienarm 30 and -a pressing-head :3|..,1nounted.onsaidlwork arm tonlove to..- a closed position intopressing contact with saidbuck zllasshown 1m Figs andS and to anopempositionpawayi therefrom as shown in- Figs. 1 and 1.6.3,. Asthes-motive force-for the power press,..;a, suitable fluid: motor -is'-preferably employedcomprising a cylinden32 pivotally mounted as atnflaon saidfframei what-mg a piston 36 having a piston rod 38 proi'ectingoutwardly thenefroms suitabletmeanslarelprovided to urge saidpressingglever to ansopen position in the embgdimentslshown,comprising.thecompression spring lhsuitablyl .openatively. connected.to. said .1mm ,s .emnlom mechanism- .017 .i p ton .ro dgfiaian-d said.presss i consisting solelyeof power ander-igid: linkslso.pivot-v e: mintconnections m to; respectively the .emmioroe -the...-piston.

1 a. 3 lat, duh, its;,closing-. period .and :9. Isle elilq mfi isll' iefi,Mellie. bstant ally..constant forca. applie -t said'. pressing...head. .3 I... during i srli sherfie mt aitersamextremelysshort ins.

"in Fig. 11.

termediate rapid force increasing transmutation period, in the course ofwhich said pressing head 3| contacts said buck 24, as illustrated by thecurve shown in dotted-lines in Fig. 11 (2)) also transforming said evenforce to cause an extremely rapid relative movement of said pressinghead 3| during its closing period'and 'a relatively slow movement ofsaid pressing head 3| during its pressing period after said extremelyshort intermediate transmutation period, as illustrated by the'full linecurve shownin Fig. 11; and also transforming said even force to causeduring said closing period an initial sharp increase in the relativevelocity of movement of the pressing head 3| and a substantial drop inthe relative velocity of said movement of the pressing head 3| toavelocity at which it can safely-contact the buck 2-4 withoutdisarrangement of the garment being pressed just prior to contact withthe buck 24, as shown by the dash-dot line curve As will be apparentfrom said respective curves, the dotted line curve shown thereinrepresents the ratio of force exerted by the piston to the force exertedby the pressing head,'which, as shown by said dotted line curve variesin accordance with my invention in accordance with said curve in whichthe relative ratio of force exerted by the pressing head 3| to the forceexerted by the piston36 is less than 1 during the press closing period,increases multifold during an extremely short-transmutation period inthe course of which said pressing head 3| contacts said buck 24 andremains substantially constant at said high ratio during the pressingperiod. As also shown by the full line'curve shown in Fig. 11, the ratioof piston movement and pressing head movement varies in accordance withsaid curve wherein the relative ratio of the movement of the pressinghead 3| to the movement of the piston 36 is substantially greater than 1during the press closing period and after said extremely shorttransmutation period in the course of which said pressing head contactssaid buck, remains substantially constant during the pressing period. Asalso shown by the dash-dot curve shown in Fig. 11, the ratio of thevelocity of the pressing head movement also varies in accordance withsaid dash-dot line curve in the manner previously explained. I believe Iam the first, therefore, to cause these respective ratios to vary duringsaid respective periods in accordance with predetermined designed orplotted theoretical curves.

It is a principle of the mechanics of leverage systems that the productof any movement and applied force is equal to the product of any othermovement and applied force, in other words that at any instant the inputforce supplied to the piston times the movement of the'piston equals theoutput force supplied by the pressing head times the movement of thepressing head. This relationship can be expressed by a graph if eitherthe relative movements of the piston and the pressing head or relativeforces applied by the piston and pressing head be plotted. Thus to getthe corresponding movement or force at any one instant, it is merelynecessary to draw the tangent to the movement curve at that particularpoint, and the co-tangent of the angle formed by the extension ,of saidtangent and the abscissa or any line parallel. thereto or the angle ofslope of the movement curve at said point represents and indicates thecorresponding point in the force curve or vice versa, and thus havingonce plotted the relative movement or the relative force curves, thecorresponding curve can be figured through the medium of theirrespective cotangents. It is also apparent that once the relativemultiplication factor of leverage or force curve is obtained, therelative velocity of press member curve may be readily obtainedtherefrom for any particular period by plotting the acceleration ordeceleration of velocity of the press member at different successiveperiods as evidenced by the plotted force curve. Thus if either themovement curve, the force curve or the relative velocity curve can betheoretically predeterminedly designed or plotted or measured, the othercorresponding curves may be readily figured therefrom.

If desired, however, the movement curve may be readily obtained bymoving the linkage mechanism a desired unit amount and actuallymeasuring the relative input and output movements and plotting itsrespective point and repeatedly moving the linkage mechanism additiveamounts, preferably multiple amounts of the previous movement, andmeasuring and plotting those respective points until the desiredmovement curve as shown in Fig. 11 is made up. Assuming that themovement curve has been measured in accordance with said method orotherwise, as shown in Fig. 11, if the tangent to said curve be drawn atany one point, such as the contact point 11:, as evidenced by thetangent .23, the co-tangent of the angle a: formed by the extension ofsaid tangent and the abscissa or any line parallel to the abscissa willgive the proper value from which the complementary point in the forcecurve may be plotted. Inasmuch as the angle at the point a: is 45, it isapparent that its co-tangent will be 1, namely the contact point as"shown in the force curve. I have also illustrated in the drawing how thecomplementary point y" in the force curve may be figured from thecorresponding point y in the movement curve. The tangent y to themovement curve at the point y carried down to the abscissa produces theangle y shown. The co-tangent of this angle is less than onehalf asindicated by the complementary point y on the force curve.

I have also illustrated in the drawings how the corresponding point a inthe force curve may be figured from the coresponding point z in themovement curve, in this instance being the point .2 at the terminationof the curve b representing the short transmutation period. In thisinstance the tangent 2 to the movement curve at the point 2 carried downto the abscissa produces the angle 2 shown, and in the curve shown inFig. 11, coincides with the relative straight oblique line of movementbe of the movement curve shown in full lines. The co-tangent of theangle 2 is substantially It), as indicated by the corresponding point 2"on the force curve. Inasmuch as the angle 2, therefore, remains constantfor any point in the straight line be, it is obvious that itscorresponding point figured from its co-tangent will be in alignmentwith the corresponding point in the force curve figured from itsco-tangent to form a straight line in the force curve as shown thereinsubstantially beyond said point z" graphically bringing out the factthat the pressing head acts with even force during'the pressing period.By similarly plotting a sufiicient number of points on the force curve,the force curve may be readily figured. Insofar as the relative velocityof press member curve is concerned, it is obvious that if the forceacting on the press member is maintained constant during the closingperiod, saiddlvelocity v-would increase in a=substantially straightilineextending 11p wards from zero at a slightangle;asasubstantially acontinuation of the straight line-shown up to the unit 1; As shown bytheforce curve, however; the acceleration offorce-decreasessubstantially mate the contact point, causing therelative .ve-' locity curve to correspondinglydecrease, as shown up to apoint substantially midway where the force of thebalance spring tehsionhereinafter described overlaps and counterbalancestheforce curveas'shown to reducethe relative velocity of the .press member so thatiteamsafe'Iy contact the buck without disarrang'ement of the garmentbein pressed. If, however, either tharelativ' velocity or the relativeforce curves are initially designed, figured or plotted "first," itisapparent that the corresponding curves may be'readi'ly figured orplotted therefrom. For the curves shown inFig. 11, in making uptheniovern'ent cur e; the same units-of movement are*appliedfofordihatesand abscissa; ism-axing up the relative oat-ion ;f actor o-flevera'g'eor rorc'e curvethe sameuni-ts of force are applied ror ordiriatesans'ah' scissa. In" making up thdrelative press member curve riowever; "theabs ssa units representfra'ction's" of the time inte 1 6f tbt'al pistontravel,- Whereasthe' ofdinate prise" the inaxiinuih 'pratidai"iifele 'tiof he pressing head the instant the press members come intojuxtaposition taken as 1' ({in this instance not corresponding to thereg'ular'- ordihate' di'vif 10 even pressing during the "pressingperiod. I have alsos'hown in the drawings in dash lines thelbalancespring .te'n'sio'n curve which is substantially the samelin both' theprior art devices and my in-l vention. In Fig; ll howev'er, one factoris extremely interestingfnamely that when the closing period nears itscompletion, the effective force of theepressingh'e'ad Becomestemporarily less than theten'sion of the balancelspring so as to Cause'a positiveslowing dovvh of therelative velocity of f ing movementfulcitir'h 44 to apply" a rapid'sir'iaH force" rnovern'ent" tosaidpressing "head "during the "closing =p'e'r'iod 'aiid pivotahle'jsuh'stantially entirely on another 'pewer a pi mg fulcrum 4t to'alsdapply a"'sIoW-large force movement to'lsaifd pressing head during thepressing period and rigid link means T01 automatially i'afiidijf trans-Iiiitting' the leverage characteristics of sa d lever means by rapidlychanging the respective power transmitting fillcifums 4 4"" 3,1513? 46"Of "said lever means-*4: after a predetermined pivotabl'e metedescribed. As shown by the m11 1ineeu 1' vey n Fin- 11 thetfansfnut'ation period comp ises; subh'ovvever, employing the max mum prlocity of th pressing-head at theiristantthe'pres members Come intojuiitapositionas if d'ifierent scales areemplo I have sho vvn iii Ffigcurves are fnade bi? wheat 1inksgea eniia1dyea for this purpose in theprior art without braking mechanisms. "-As' shown m run lin Fig. 12, therhovfeihent curve de'cireases'ra 1 prior w the (gamer point}theifehvineieisiii the time interval required'fm" lbsiiig the press.shown b3 the rprce ciirve of thefnfiultip factor of leverage curve L bythe-relative velb'ci shown in dashdol; lines; both pressing headaharmgtiveverqei y y 'te an increase to iiifinitj'rf n is"thereforeahs'olutehi essential to 1 employ brak ing mechanisms "01'1' the priorartst'ructur'e's. Foicbrite" V 4 v indicated the makimlum practical'velhe'ity "at the instant-the press member's corfie" into-3113i tionillustrating with'v'rhatlos's ofefil structures had to he 'hr'aked. snihs'eec ion of the" dotted line curve Shawn inFig; 1 1, hsw'evr'; willdemonstrate that" the relative niiiltipliha on factor of Ieife'rag'eorforcec'ur've'pr'ovided y invention is very'smauright eta nptliiilt-61;Wile-H6942] EWiilh the b11133 d e'sir'able for safetyuuring't iOdR-Yld then reniai'ris substantiaiiyeer sta'nt' during 'theressingperitsa ror seumum large stantially the length ofthe'sharplybu'fved "per: ti6fYb",=" ieas' the portion 115 of' 'the'cilfv'e' 'in front of said transmutation period illustrate's theniovernent 'dufihg' closing period and the s drndfi bcaft said. curvedsent ent illustrates warrant-during the prssin'g period, the

th" length of said sharpiy curved portion 1;

fining the t ansmutation perio in thehther r relativevelocitv "curvessn'owng therein. lt tr'ill be obse1- ved'that the point marked fcontaetpoi-ht islhade sub s'tantially half way of said curve 5, illiistratiiigthatthe head eomaetgth buck 111- me latter half tr this rapidtra'fismutt non period; nqqkmg at the matter not er during t e closinperiod "the power apph m lever fmeans has one type or effective leveragecharacteristics and during 7 the pressing period has a difiere'rit typeof effective leverage char'abti'istiqs. will" be" apparent'from said561m appiieetion' aforesaid, where two separate lev'e'rs are employed;they may be so conr'ieoted up in accordanee with said invention toproduce sub stantiallyidiiticalfcurvs as those shown herein.

closingmovement fulcrum pin 44; and then si1- CSSii/Gii' minions as alever'of adiife'rerit qlass havingfan' ntire1y different type ofleverage chara oteristicstoapply a slow movementand a 1n na "single:different power fapplyi'n'g'ffuleruth pin 'lfipdui 'ing a single outwardstroke ofthe piston 36. Toguide the movement of the pr ss; ing heah 3 II employ a pair of guide Irieans or links 48 -eJnd' 50' -i'espeCtive1ypivdtally mounted f drce toQsaid "pressing head; I while pivota onsingle points 52 and 54 onsaid frame and connected to said floatinglever 42 at said single fulcrum points 44 and 45, one of said guidemeans, namely the guide means 48, functioning to act as a closingmovement fulcrum 44, and the other of said guide means, namely the guidemeans 55, functioning successively to act as a pressing movement fulcrum45, each of said guide means 48 and 50 functioning to guide saidfloating lever 42 while pivoting on the other respective fulcrums 46 or44, and both of said guide means 48 and 50 functioning to guide saidfloating lever 42 to rapidly change the respective fulcrums 44 and 46thereof to provide the short transmutation period b in which thefunctioning characteristics of said floating lever 42 rapidly changefrom those of the respective classes.

I also employ power transmitting means piv-- otally connected to saidfloating lever at a single point and to the pressing head at a singlepoint. In the embodiments shown, said power transmitting means comprisesa connecting link 53-pivotally connected to a respective point 55 onsaid floating lever 42 and to the toggle links 56 and 58, the uppertoggle link 56 being pivotally connected to the power arm 30 of thepressing lever by the single point connection 55 and the lower togglelink 53 being pivotally connected to the frame by the single pointconnection 54. In both embodiments, said toggle links 56 and 58 arepivotally connected together and said connecting link 53 is connected toa suitable point or points on said toggle links by a single pointconnection or connections.

. In the embodiment shown in Figs. 13, said toggle links 56 and 58 arepivotally connected together at a single point by the pin 55 and saidconnecting link 53 is pivotally connected to-a suitable point on saidlower toggle link 58 by the single point connection 66. In theembodiment shown in Figs. 1-3, the floating leverfunce tions as a leverof the third class during the closing period, pivoting on the pivotpoint 44 and having the point 68 to which the end of the piston rod ispivotally attached by the single point connection Hi. The guide link 48is connected to the lower end of the lever 42 by the single fulcrum pin44 and the guide link 5i] is connected to'the upper end of the lever bythe single fulcrum pin 45. During the closing period, said lever 42functions as a lever of the third class, with the power being applied tothe point 68 thereof by the piston connecting pin and the connectinglink 53 be ing connected to the work output point 55 spaced from theupper end of said lever. After the respective links 48 and 50 havefunctioned to change the effective leverage of the floating lever 42, itis obvious that it then functions as a lever of the second class withthe pivot pin 46 on the end of the guide link 50 serving as a fulcrumwith the power applied to the-lever at it piston connecting point 58 andthe power transmitted to the link 53 by the pin 55 adjacent the upperend of the lever.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in Figs. 6-8, the upper guidelink 5i! is bent and has the end thereof connected to the lever 42 at apoint 46' spaced from theupper. end thereof by the fulcrum pin 46 andthe connecting link 53' is pivotally connected to the upper end of saidfloating lever 42 by the pivot pin 55. necting link 53' comprises aguide thrust member having each respective end. of the base 12 thereofconnected to' the opposite ends of said toggle links 56 and 58 atthesingle points 14 and;

The con-- E6, the upper toggle link 56 being connected to the point 14at the upper end of the base 12 of said thrust connecting member 53',and the lower toggle link being connected to a point 76 at the lower endof the base 12' of said thrust toggle connecting link member 53. It isthus. obvious that when the floating lever 42 pivots on the fulcrum 44,it functions as a lever of the third class with the power applied at thepoint 68, and.

power transmitted at the point 55 on the same side of said fulcrum 44 assaid point 58, and that when it pivots on the fulcrum 46' it functionsas alever of the first class to transmit power to said thrust connectinglink 53' for transmittal to the pressing lever power arm 30 through theup per link 56 with the power applied at the point 58, and powertransmitted at the point 55 on the opposite side of said fulcrum 46'from said point 68.

It is apparent that certain of the links, namely the links 48 and 50 arealso transmutable in their functions, functioning alternatively duringth re,

spective closing and pressing periods as fulcrums for the floating lever42 and in the opposite respective periods respectively as guide links.thereby controlling the movement of the floating pressing lever 42 andcausing it to change its effective class of leverage and hence effectiveleverage characteristics during the relatively short transmutationperiod.

It is obvious that the effective leverage of the mechanism may bereadily changed by changing the size and shape of the floating lever andlinks and their respective points of connection to the piston rod,pressing lever and to each other. The power applying lever means 42, thepower transmitting link 53, the lower toggle link 58, the upper togglelink 56 and the transmutable guide links 48 and 50 are so constructedand connected respectively to each other and to said pressing leverandpiston rod, and the movement permitted by said link means is suchthat the device will cause the forcetransmitted by the piston rod to betransmitted and translated into force, movement and velocity applied tothe pressing head 3| in accordance with the curves shown in Fig. 11. Aninherent feature of my invention consists of the fact that all theconnections between the various members are pivot forming single pointconnections. 1

I have shown in Figs. 4 and 9 diagrammatic views illustrating the threepositions of the respective different embodiments shown respectively inFigs. 1-3 and Figs. 6-8. In order that the transition of thetransmutable functioning characteristics of the floating lever 42 andlinks 48 and 50 may be more readily understood, I have also shown inFigs. 5 and 10 the characteristic curves of each embodiment, whichdiffer slightly from the preferred curve shown in Fig. 11 which is acomposite curve made up of the most desirable characteristics of theembodiment shown in Figs. 1-3 and Figs. 6-8 and of the embodiments shownin said joint application aforesaid. One reason why these curves differslightly in the different types of linkages employed is that in eachinstance it is desirable first to secure a straight line increment ofmovement supplied during the press closing period and a substantiallyconstant slightly increasing straight line increment of movementsupplied during the pressing period for the reasons hitherto advanced.It is apparent from an inspection of Figs. 4 and 9 and the correspondingfigures in the .joint application that all respective movements of thecontrolling porframe having a power arm, a pressing head mounted on saidpressing lever to move to'a closed position into pressing contact withsaid buck and to an open position away therefromypivotally mountedmotormeans for, actuating. said'pressing lever, means urging said pressinglever to'an open position, mechanism connecting said motor means to thepower arm'of saidpressing. lever, consisting solely of rigid pivotingconnecting members comprising power applying lever means pivotablesubstantially entirely on a single closing movement fulcrum to functionas a lever having one characteristic to:apply a rapid movement and asmall force to said pressing head and pivot able substantially entirelyon another power applying fulcrum to function as a lever having adifferent characteristic to apply a slow movement and a large force tosaid pressing head, during the application of input force by said motormeans, transmutable link means pivotally mounted by single pointconnections on said frame and pivotally connected to said power applyinglever means by single zpointconn'ections, one of said link means havingi a single point connection functioning to provide the closing movementfulcrum of said power applying lever means and'another of said linkmeans having a single 'point connection successively functioning toprovide the pressure applying fulcrum of said power ap plying levermeans, and each of said fulcrum providing transmutable link'meansfunctioning to guide the movement of said lever means to sub stantiallycontrol the movement of the pressing head when not functioning as afulcrum provid ing means, and both of said means functioning to guidesaid lever means to rapidly change the respective fulcrums thereof aftera predeter-' mined pivotal movement thereof to provide a shorttransmutation period in which the functioning characteristics of saidlever means rapid-' ly change, and power transmitting meanspivotallyconn cted to said lever means by single point connecting means and tosaid pressing lever at a single point, the motor means being pivotallyconnected in such a manner to a single point on the lever, said powerapplying lever means, power transmitting means and transmutable linkmeans being so constructed and'so connectedrespectively to each other bysaid single point connections only and the movement permitted'by saidlink means being such as to transmit to said pressing head thesubstantially even forcesupplied by said motor means against the forceof said urging means while actuating said pressing lever, whiletransforming it into a relatively extremely light force applied to saidpressing head during its closing period and a relatively extremely heavysubstantially'constant force applied'to said pressing head during itspressing period after an extremely short intermediate rapid forceincreasing transmutation fulcrum changing period during which saidpressing head contacts said buck; and also transforming said even forceto' cause an extremely rapid relative movement of said pressing headduring its closing period and a relatively slow movement of saidpressing head during its pressing period after said extremely shortintermediate transmutation period.

4. In a garment pressing machine,- a' frame, a pressing buck mounted onsaid frame, a pressing lever of the first class pivotally mounted onsaid frame having a power arm, a pressing head mounted on said pressinglever to move to a closed position into pressing contact with said buckand to an open position away therefrom, pivotally 16 mounted motor meansfor actuating said pressing lever, means urging said pressing lever toan open position, mechanism connecting said motor means to the power armof said pressing lever consisting solely of rigid pivoting connectingmembers, comprising a floating power applying lever pivotablesubstantially entirelyon a single closing movement fulcrum to functionas a lever of one class to apply a'rapid movement and a light force tosaid pressing head and pivotable substantially entirely on another powerapplying fulcrum to function as a'lever of a different class to apply aslow movement and a large force to said pressing head, during theapplication of input force by said motorymeans, a pair of guide meanspivotally mounted on single points 'on said frame and connected to saidfloating lever at single points, one of said guide means functioning toact as the closing movement fulcrum and the other of said guide meansfunctioning successively to act as the pressing movement fulcrum, eachof said guide means functioning to guide said floating leverwhilepivotingon the other fulcrum, and both of said guide meansfunctioningto guide said float-- ing lever to rapidly change therespective fulcrums thereof to provide a short transmutation period inwhich the functioning characteristics of said floating leverrapidlychange from those of the respective classes, I and power transmittingmeans pivotally connected to said floating lever at a single point andto said pressing lever at a single point, said motor means beingpivotally connected in such -a manner to a single point on the floatinglever, the power transmitting means being so constructed and connectedin such a manner to a single point on said floating lever and themovementzipermitted by said guide means being such as to transmit 'tosaid pressing head the substantially even force supplied by said motormeans against the force'of said urging means while actuating saidpressing lever, whil transforming it into arelatively extremely lightforce applied to said pressing head during its closing period and arelatively extremely heavy substantially constant force applied to saidpressing head during its pressing period after an extremely shortintermediate rapid force increasing transmutation fulcrum changingperiod during Which said pressing head contacts said buck; and alsotransforming said even force to cause an extremely rapid relativemovement of said pressing head during its closing period and arelatively slow movement of said pressing head during its pressingperiod after said extremely short intermediate transmutation period.

5. In a garment pressin machine, a frame, a pressing buck mounted onsaid frame, a pressing lever of the first class pivotally mounted onsaid frame having a power arm, a pressing head mounted on said pressinglever to move to a closed position into pressing contact with said buckand to an open position away therefrom, pivotally mounted motor meansfor actuating said pressing lever, means urging said pressing lever toan open position, mechanism connecting said motor means to the power armof said pressing lever consisting solely of rigid pivoting connect arapid movement and a small force to said press-4 ing head and ,pivotabler substantially ,entireiyon another power rapplying fulcrum at the otherend thereof to function as palever of they second class to apply 1 aslow movement and s a large :force to said pressing 'head during .the"application of input force .by :said ,motor means, 1a, {link guidemeans pivotally mounted, on a single point-on said frame and ipivotallyconnected :to said floating power applyinglever at asingle point atsaiduirst mentioned end thereof to provide the closing movement fulcrumthereof. and toy-guidethe-movement thereof to substantially rcontrolthemovement .of said pressing head while applying zarslow movement and aheavy force, to the garment being pressedanda link guidemeansrpivotallyt mounted on [said'frame-on a, single point and,pivotally-connected to said floatingl ower applying tlever' at a singlepoint at "the other end tthereof toprovide the pressur applying fulcrumthereof and 130 guide the movement thereof to substantially control themovement'of said pr-essingrhead while being closed into pressing :Psition, and power transmitting means pivotally lconnected to saidfloating lever by a single point connecting means adjacent saidotherendthereofand-tosaid pressingv lever .at a single point, the powertransmitting meansubeing so constructed and the movement permitted bysaid guide means =heingzsuch as to transmit to saidpressing head thesubstantially even force supplied bysaid'motor means against the forceof .said urgingmeans while, actuating, said pressinglever whiletransforming it into a relatively extremely light force applied to saidpressing head during. its closing period and a relatively extremelyheavy substantially ,con-

stant force applied to said pressingheadldnring its pressing periodafter amextremelyehortintermed-iate rapid force increasing transmutationfulcrum changing period during which ,said pressing head contactssaid-buck; andlalso transforming said even :force to cause an extremelying period after said extremely-short intermediate transmutation,period.

6. .In a garment pressing 1 machine, ;a frame, a

pressingfbuck mounted on said iframe, apressing lever :of the firstclassrpivotally mounted on said frame having a a'poiwer arm, .a pressinghead mounted on said pressi-ng lever to .move :to a closed position:into pressing contact nwithrsaid buck and to an open position awaytherefrom, pivotally mounted mot-or means for i-actuatin said pressinglever, means urgingmaicl .pressing lever to an open position, mechanismconnecting said motor *meansto {the power-arm ofsaidmressing leverconsisting solelyioftrigid pivoting, connecting members, comprising. -.afloating p wer applying lever having the motor-meangpivotaflyconnectedthereto at a single ipointz'inter-mediate the ends thereof,SHidIP'OWBIYEPPlYi-QK (lever being pivotable substantially entirely ,onaesingle :closing movement fulcrum at one, end thereof .to function as alever of thethirdclass to applyia rapidmovement and a small "forcetorsaid pressing head and 'pivotable substantially entirely ;.on anotherpower applyingrfulcnumrat the ,other end thereof tofunction as a leverofrrtheisecondclass to apply a slow d movement and e, large force tosaid pressing head, during the .aPphcationioL-i-m put force by :said:motor .meHinS, :a :link guide means pivotally mounted on m, single{point on said :frame 1 and ,;pivota1ly ,connecteddo saidfloating powerapplying lever at a s leipoint ratesaid first nnentioned end :thereof toprovide the closins emovement fulcrum-thereof and to guide the movementthereof to substantially control the movement of said pressing t-headwhile applying a.;s1ow movement and a heavy force to the garmentbeinetprcssedtand a link guide means pivotallymountedron said frame onasinsle Point and iPiYOtBlly connected to said floating v power applying'lever at a single (point atthe other end thereof to provide thepressure applying 1 fulcrum thereofwand to guide thenmovement thereof tosubstantially control the :movementof said pressingihead whi-lebeinglclosed into pressing position. and {a toggle comprising an :upperlinki pivotally connectedztothe .pressingdever and a lower linkpivotally :mounted bmthe frame, said links having the, opposite ends;thereof pivotally connected together, ,a :connecting link having one endthereof gpivotallyieonnected to :saidtoggle at ,a single :point ,-andthe other end pivot-ally :connected to .a single point on said floatinglever adjacent :said other end there0f,,-,said levers and linksnbeing'so 1 connected and the ,movementpermitted by said guide means being suchas to transmittosaidpressing head the substantially evenifcrce suppliedb said motor means against the .force of said urgingmeans whileactuating saidmnessing lever, while transforming it into arelativeiyt-extremely light forceuapplied to said pnessmg head; duringits closing ,Period ,and a relativeiycextremely heavy substantiallyvconstant folzcetappliedito said pressing head during .its pressiniperiod after an zextremelyshort inter.- mediate rapid force increasinglt-ransmutation fulcrum changingiperiod duringwhichsaid pressn iheaidcontactssaid buck; and also transforming said eveniflorcetorcause anextremely rapid relative movement of ,s-aid pressing headduring its 1;closing period and a relatively slow, movement of-said ,:pre ssing :headduring its pressing period after ;said extremely short intermediatetransmutationgperiod. a i

7. -Ina iga-rmentt pressing machine, "a frame, a pressingbuck mounted onsaid frame, apressing lever of the first :class pivotally mounted onsaid frame havingea power arm, a pressing head mountedonssaid pressinglever to move to aclosed position into v press-ing contact with (saidbuck and to an reopen .position away therefrom, pivotally a mountedmotor; means for actuating said pressing lever, means urging saidpressing lever toan open position, mechanism connecting said motor meansto the Power arm of said pressing lever consisting solely .Qf rigidpivoting connecting members, rcompr-ising, .a .floating power applyinglever having ,the motor "means pivotally =connectedlthereto eat a,single point intermediate the ends ,ther ofnsa-id powerapplying leverbeing pivotable substantially entirely on a-single closing movementf-ulcrzum atoneend thereof to functionras a lever of the third classr toa-pblva rapid movement and a-small force to sa-idpressinghead andpivotable {substantially entirely on ,another power vepplyingz fulcrumadjacent the other end thereof ltofunction as :a lever ofwthezfirstclass to-tapplyua eslow movement and a large force "to said pressinghead, during the application of input (force by rsaidgmotortmeans, link7 guide means pivotallymounted one. single point on said frame andpivotall-y l'conneeted to said rfioating ;power applyingleveriatia-singlepoint atthe first mentioned end-thereof to provide the closingmove ment, fulcrum thereof andto guide the movement thereof l-tosubstantially :-control the movement of said :Plessing ahead whileapplying .a .slow

movement and a heavy force to the garment being means being soconstructed, said levers and links being so constructed and the movementpermitted by said guide means being such as to transmit to said pressinghead the substantially even force supplied by said motor means againstthe force of said urging means while actuating said pressing lever,while transforming it into a relatively extremely light force applied tosaid pressing head during its closing period and a relatively extremelyheavy substantially constant force applied to said pressing head duringits pressing period after an extremely short intermediate rapid forceincreasing transmutation fulcrum changing period during which saidpress-' ing head contacts said buck; and also transforming said evenforce to cause an extremely rapid relative movement of said pressinghead during its closing period and a relatively slow movement of saidpressing head during its pressing period after said extremely shortintermediate transmutation period.

8. In a garment pressing machine, a frame, a pressing buck mounted onsaid frame, a pressing lever of the first class pivotally mounted onsaid frame having a power arm, a pressing head mounted on said pressinglever to move to a closed position into pressing contact with said buckand to an open position away therefrom, pivotally mounted motor meansfor actuating said press-- ing lever, means urging said pressing leverto an open position, mechanism connecting said motor means to the powerarm of said pressing leverconsisting solely of rigid pivoting connectingmembers, comprising a floating power applying lever having the motormeans pivotally connected thereto at a single point intermediate theends thereof, said power applying lever being pivotable substantiallyentirely on a single closing movement fulcrum at one end thereof tofunction as a lever of the third class to apply a rapid movement and asmall force to said pressing head and pivotable substantially entirelyon another power applying fulcrum adjacent the other end thereof tofunction as a lever of the first class to apply a slow movement and alarge force to said pressing head, during the application of input forceby said motor means, link guide means pivotally mounted on a singlepoint on said frame and pivotally connected to said floating powerapplying lever at a single point at the first mentioned end thereof toprovide the closing movement fulcrum thereof and to guide the movementthereof to substantially control the movement of said pressing headwhile applying a slow movement and a heavy forceto the garment beingpressed and link guide means pivotally mounted on said frame at a singlepoint and pivotally connected to said floating power applying lever at asingle point adjacent the other end thereof to provide the pressureapplying fulcrum thereof and to guide the movement thereof tosubstantially control the movement of said pressing head while beingclosed into pressing position and a toggle comprising an upper linkpivotally connected to the pressing lever and a lower link pivotallymounted on the frame, a triangular thrust member having-the ends of thebase thereof pivotally connected to the opposite ends of said links atsingle points and the apex thereof pivotally connected to a single pointon the other end of said floating lever, said levers and links being soconstructed'and the movement permitted by said guide means being such asto transmit to said pressing head the substantially even force suppliedby said motor means against the force of said urging means whileactuating'said pressing lever, while transforming it into a relativelyextremely light force applied to said pressing head during its closingperiod and a relatively extremely heavy substantially constant forceapplied to said pressing head during its pressing period after anextremely short intermediate rapid force increasing transmutationfulcrum changing period during which said pressing head contacts saidbuck; and also transforming said even force to cause an extremely rapidrelative movement of said pressing head during its closing period and arelatively slow movement of said pressing head during'its pressingperiod after said extremely short intermediate transmutation period.

9. In a garment pressing machine, a frame, a pressing buck mountedonsaid frame, a press ing-lever" of the first class pivotally mounted onsaid frame having a power arm, a pressing head mounted on said pressinglever to move to a closed position into pressing contact with said buckand to an open position away therefrom, pivotally mounted motor meansfor actuating said pressing lever, means urging said pressing lever toan open position, mechanism connecting said motor means to the power armof said pressing lever, consisting solely'of rigid'pivoting connectingmembers, comprising a power applying floating lever, a pair of spacedpivotal means, constraining means pivotally connected to said pivotalmeans and to spaced points on said floating lever to constrain saidspaced points to arcuate paths with respect to said pivotal means andrigid means pivotally connectinglsaid mechanism to said pressing leverpower arm and'to said motor means, certain of saidconstraining meansbeing transmutable to alternately function as successive fulcrums forsaid floating power applying lever and as guide means for said floatingpower applying lever, said floating power-applying lever, saidconstraining means and said rigid means being so constructed andconnected respectively to each other and to said pressing lever powerarm and the movement permitted by said constraining means being such asto transmit to said pressing head the substantially even force suppliedby said motor means against the force of said urging means whileactuating'said pressing'lever, while transforming it into a relativelyextremely light force applied to said pressing he'adduring its closingperiod and a relatively extremely heavy substantially constant forceapplied to said pressing head during its pressingperiod after anextremely short intermediate rapid force increasing transmutationfulcrum changingperiod during which said pressing head contacts saidbuck; and also transforming said even force to cause an extremely rapidrelative movement of said pressing head during its closing period and arelatively slow movement of saidpressing head'during its pressing periodafter' said extremely short intermediate transmutation period.

